A Wood Cell Wall-Derived Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Energy Harvesting and Multifunctional Sensing

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Abstract

Using natural biomaterials to construct triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) has significant implications for the development of sustainable self-powered devices. However, achieving device multifunctionality and miniaturization remains a major challenge. Lignocellulose nanofiber (LCF) offers environmental and sustainability advantages. LCF films prepared from these fibers exhibit excellent mechanical properties, transparency, and biodegradability. Due to cellulose’s strong electron-donating capability, LCF films are considered an ideal material for triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) devices. LCF-TENG devices exhibit open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, and power density as high as 25.1 V, 1.6 μA, and 8 μW/cm 2, respectively. Based on the good modifiability and ductility of LCF, the in situ composite ZIF-8 on its surface can further improve its triboelectric behavior, which can be up to 62.1 V, 3.5 μA, and 44 μW/cm 2, which is sufficient to power small electronic devices. In addition, LCF-TENG can also be used as a wearable self-powered sensor for gait analysis, demonstrating stable and sustainable performance in distinguishing different body movements (such as walking, running, and leg lifting). This work proposes a novel TENG based on lignocellulose, which can be used for in-depth physical motion analysis and provides a new material option for the development of next-generation self-powered transient electronic devices.

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