Natural extractive coatings from teak: impact of solvent type on the UV protection of wood surfaces

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Abstract

This study evaluated the effect of solvent polarity on the photostability of teak extractives and their potential application in wood protection. Using the Soxhlet extraction method, three teak extractives – labeled as petroleum ether extractives (PeE), absolute ethanol extractives (EtE) and hot water extractives (HWE) – were prepared and applied as natural coatings to the surface of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.). The effect of solvent polarity on the ultraviolet (UV) resistance of teak extractives was evaluated by comparing the surface color, gloss, and chemical changes on fir samples treated with three extractives during UV exposure. UV-accelerated weathering tests demonstrated that the EtE-treated coating exhibited optimal photostability, showing the smallest total color change among the three coatings. In contrast, PeE-coated surfaces exhibited declining gloss during UV exposure, whereas both EtE and HWE coatings showed increasing trends. Although compositional differences led to distinct chemical evolution pathways during UV exposure, all three extractive-based coatings effectively inhibited lignin photodegradation in Chinese fir wood. This study compared the photostability of teak extractive coatings prepared with different solvents, establishing a solvent selection framework and providing mechanistic insights for subsequent research on plant-derived wood coatings.

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