The Structure of Wood and Wood-based Materials and Its Modification

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Abstract

This chapter provides an overview of wood as a construction material, explaining the structure and key properties of solid wood and wood-based materials. It compiles valuable properties of these materials, with a particular focus on engineered wood products (EWPs). Sawn timber is produced from round timber through the sawing of logs, and further processing leads to the creation of various high-performance structural wood-based materials. EWPs are constructed by bonding sawn timber, veneers, particles, strands or wood fibres, preferably using adhesives, though steel nails or wooden dowels may also be employed. These materials enable the production of construction elements with dimensions far larger than the original tree. The strength of the wood is preserved or even enhanced in EWPs made from sawn timber and veneer. Due to wood’s anisotropic structure, the properties of these materials can be precisely tailored, which is further discussed in this chapter.

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