Understanding the Effects of Moisture in Wood and Wood-based Materials

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Abstrakt

This section explores the relationship between wood and water, emphasising how improper design can compromise wood performance. Moisture content (MC) is defined as the ratio between the mass of water in the wood and the mass of the wood when completely dry. Changes in MC within the hygroscopic range lead to dimensional changes in wood, causing it to swell or shrink as it absorbs or releases moisture. MC influences nearly all the wood’s physical properties. The orientation of the growth rings, i.e ., radial, tangential, and longitudinal, plays a crucial role in how wood reacts to moisture. Swelling is most pronounced in the tangential direction, approximately twice as large as in the radial direction, while the longitudinal dimension experiences minimal change. Wood’s MC adjusts to environmental conditions (temperature and relative humidity). Prolonged exposure to moisture can result in distortions, cracks, and biodeterioration. Therefore, monitoring the MC of wood during installation, use, and following use is essential.

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