DETERMINATION AND ANALYSIS OF PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SOLID, GLUED LAMINATED AND CROSS-LAMINATED TIMBER BEAMS

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Abstract

The article presents comprehensive experimental studies of the deformative characteristics of three types of wood structural materials: solid, glulam and cross-laminated timber. The main objective of the study was to assess the mechanical properties, efficiency and behavior of these materials. The experimental approach included an analysis of the relationships between force and deflection, calculated modified deformation moduli (deformation moduli taking into account shear moduli), and constructed experimental graphs of deformations and deformation moduli of the studied specimens. Transition coefficients between the studied wood types were determined. This analysis provided a clear understanding of the mechanical responses of each type of material under load. The results obtained indicate a reduced deformation resistance of cross-laminated timber compared to solid and glulam timber along the fibers. Glulam showed comparable results to solid timber. Each material demonstrates unique advantages, which emphasizes their suitability for specific structural applications based on loads and operational requirements. Further research is recommended to assess the behavior of these materials under different environmental conditions, the effect of varying the number of layers of glulam and cross‑laminated timber. Such research will provide a deeper understanding of the durability and performance of wood-based materials in various construction contexts and expand their applications in innovative architectural and engineering solutions.

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