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Acoustic and Mechanical Properties Wood Science Journal article

Relationships of wood density and compressive strength to within-stem variation of ultrasonic velocity in Pinus massoniana trees

Doan Van Duong, Masumi Hasegawa, Van Hung Hoang, Laurence R. Schimleck

5 November 2025 · Wood Material Science and Engineering

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Abstract

The relationships of wood density (WD) and compressive strength (CS) to longitudinal (VL), radial (VR), and tangential (VT) ultrasonic wave velocity within stems of 23-year-old Pinus massoniana trees planted in Vietnam were experimentally investigated. VL, VR, VT, WD, and CS were determined on a total of 100 small clear specimens (20 × 20 × 40 mm) cut from five sampled trees. Within the stem, radial position was highly significant for all traits, except for VR, whereas the variation in the vertical axis was significant only for WD but its contribution was small. VL had a positive linear relationship with both WD (r = 0.56) and CS (r = 0.80). There were statistically significant (0.1% level), but negative correlations of VR and VT with WD and CS. The best prediction of CS was obtained when both VL and WD were used together through calculation of dynamic Young's modulus (EL). The relationship between CS and EL was strong (r = 0.96). WD decreased axially and increased radially, patterns of variation that are consistent with other hard pine species.

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